This publication is the proceedings of a workshop under the project jointly organised by the project partners. It contains a number of well-researched presentations as well as case studies on how TLS under the VPA may affect the lives of rural communities, especially those dependent on timber extraction and trade for their livelihoods. It also captures a SWOT analysis of the VPA and covers other concepts like good forest governance, social safeguards and presents a research agenda and policy messages with respect to managing the impacts of timber legality standard on livelihoods.